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Governor Animal Clinic, Inc. |
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858-453-6312 |
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Can dogs
& cats get skin cancer? Yes, dogs and cats can get
skin cancer. Tumors affecting the skin or subcutaneous tissue (the
tissue just under the skin) are the most commonly seen tumors in
pets. Fortunately, many such as lipomas (fatty tumors), sebaceous
adenomas, and papillomas (mole-like growths) are benign, meaning
that they won't spread to other parts of the body. Malignant tumors
(tumors that will spread) such as melanoma, squamous cell
carcinoma, and mast cell tumors are occasionally found, however. A
veterinarian can diagnose a tumor in a dog or cat with a
biopsy--which involves removing a small amount of tissue from the
tumor and examining it closely--or needle aspirate cytology, in
which the veterinarian uses a needle to remove a microscopic amount
of cells from the tumor in order to examine cell structure. These
samples may need to be examined by a veterinary
pathologist. If you have concerns about any
lesions, bumps, or growths on your pet's skin, your
veterinarian can examine and test them. If you have further
concerns, your veterinarian may refer you to a veterinary
oncologist. Special
Attention for pets that are fair skinned
or white, or have minimal hair coverage;
What is squamous cell carcinoma of the skin?
Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer (malignant
tumor) that originates from squamous epithelium. Squamous
epithelium is formed of flat cells that act as covering plates on
the surface of the skin and moist tissues (mucous membranes) of the
body. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin refers to the location of
the tumor. Malignant tumors can invade and destroy healthy tissue
and can spread to other parts of the body. Squamous cell carcinoma
of the skin can develop in dogs and cats. The Scottish terrier,
Pekingese, boxer, poodle, Norwegian elkhound, Dalmatian, beagle,
whippet, and white English bull terrier may be more likely to
develop squamous cell carcinoma of the skin than are other breeds.
Large-breed dogs with black skin and hair coats may be more likely
to develop multiple tumors of the toes.
What causes squamous cell carcinoma of the skin?
The cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is unknown;
however, prolonged exposure to sunlight and
light-colored skin are risk factors. A previous burn
on the skin is another risk factor. Squamous cell carcinoma of the
skin is seen more commonly in areas with sunny climate or high
altitude.
What are the signs of squamous cell carcinoma of the
skin?
A crust, ulcer, or mass is identified on the skin. It will persist
for months. The skin of the nose, eyelids, lips, and ears of cats
and the toes, scrotum, nose, legs, and anus in dogs are the areas
most often affected. Cats with a type of squamous cell carcinoma
called "Bowen's disease" initially have a darkened (pigmented) area
on the skin and then an ulcer forms in the center of the darkened
area. A painful, scabby sore follows the ulcer. Cats with Bowen's
disease may have up to 30 affected areas on the head, toes, neck,
chest, shoulders, and abdomen. The hair can be pulled off easily
from the affected areas.
How is squamous cell carcinoma of the skin diagnosed?
On physical examination, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin can
appear similar to a draining abscess or infected wound. Diagnosis
is made by radiographs (X-rays) and biopsy (removal and examination
of tissue). Chest radiographs may be done to detect spread
(metastasis) of the cancer to the lungs. Radiographs of the abdomen
may help evaluate spread of the tumor to lymph nodes. Radiographs
of the feet are done if the toes are affected to determine the
extent of bone involvement. Biopsy of the tumor and affected skin
is needed to confirm the diagnosis.
How is squamous cell carcinoma of the skin treated?
Surgical removal of the tumor is the treatment of choice, but
tumors on the surface of the skin also can be treated by
cryosurgery (freezing), photodynamic therapy (light therapy), or
radiation therapy. Invasive tumors require aggressive surgical
removal or radiation therapy. Some tumors cannot be removed
surgically and are treated with radiation therapy alone. Radiation
therapy also is used following surgery. Affected toes should be
amputated. Chemotherapy (anticancer drugs) may be tried if the
tumor cannot be removed completely or if it has spread.
What is the prognosis (outcome) for pets with squamous cell
carcinoma of the skin?
The prognosis for animals with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
varies. The prognosis is good for animals with tumors on the
surface of the skin that are treated early in the course of
disease. Tumors of the toes and tumors that have invaded underlying
tissue or that have spread to other parts of the body carry a more
guarded prognosis. |
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Just released from the California
Veterinary Medical Association Summer
Fun Can Be Fatal To Pets Water
safety awareness a top priority Sacramento, CA-
As summer arrives, pet owners will be traveling to beaches, lakes,
and rivers, and preparing their pools for the coming heat.
While fun is anticipated, pet owners should be cautious about their
animals' safety around these open water areas. Pets, most
often dogs, can drown, get severely hurt and in some cases, die
from exposure to open waters. Dangers around open water
areas come in many forms, and pet owners need to take a few simple
measures to avoid a tragedy. Animals, like children, need to
be taught how to enter, swim in, and exit open waters. Owners should never throw
their pets into the water, as some animals have a hard time
swimming or don't know how to swim at all. Owners should get
in the water first and call to their pets. If the animal
likes the water, it will come in and start to swim towards the
owner. Let it move at its own pace. "Americans love the water; we
have many beaches, lakes and pools to enjoy this summer. Just
remember to take care of your pet's safety when having fun," says
Ron Faoro, D.V.M., presidente of the Callifornia Veterinary Medical
Association. "Taking a few extra precautions can make all the
difference." Exiting water areas can be
dangerous for a pet. Climbing up ladders can be difficult for
animals because they often don't know how to use them to exit a
water area. Dogs have a hard time exiting swimming pools
because their paws cannot grip ladder rungs. The same caution
should be considered when taking your pet out on a boat. PEt
owners can teach their pets to use a ladder by showing their
animals, either physically or by example, how to climb up and out
of the water. Consider purchasing animal
exit devices for your pool or a life jacket for your pet when you
take it to a lake, river or the ocean. Rivers have an
additonal danger of strong currents which can sweep an animal
away. "Floatation devices are a
great alternative for pets new to the water or that are getting
old. Pets may not be strong enough to swim on their own, so a
little help would allow them to escape the heat without being in
danger", Faoro added. "Of course pets, like chi8ldren, should
never be left alone in the water-even if they are wearing a
floatation device". Pools may pose chemical
dangers to animals. You should rinse all animals exposed to
chlorine with fresh water after swimming in pools. Be
sure your dog knows how to get out of your pool-teach him or her
where the steps are, starting when he or she is a
puppy. Ocean water also poses a
danger to your pet while you're at the beach. The salt water
can be dangerous to your pet's health if it drinks the ocean
water. Bring fresh water to the beach for your animal to
drink when it's thirsty. "Pets can play safely around
open water if pet owners act responsibly". Dr. Faoro
says. "Pets and their owners can both have fun if the owners
follow these few precautions". Used with
permission |
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KEEPING ANIMALS
SAFE DURING SUMMER HEAT Just Released From The California Veterinary Medical
Association; Sacramento, CA – Bright summer days and warm weather can tempt you to spend time
outdoors with your pet. A game of Frisbee or a short car ride seems
inviting in this season, yet they could pose a serious risk to your
companion pet when temperatures rise. Most people recognize pets need ample water and shade during hot
months. However, every year companion animals lose their lives to
heat exposure when they’re left unattended in parked vehicles. On a
warm day of 85 degrees, temperatures can soar to 102 degrees inside
a vehicle within 10 minutes, even if parked in the shade or with
partially opened windows. “Pets left in vehicles for only a few minutes can suffer from
heat exhaustion, heat stroke, brain damage, or even worse, they can
die,” says Eric Weigand, DVM, president of the California
Veterinary Medical Association (CVMA). Hot cars aren’t the only danger for pets in the summer. Pets
spending time outdoors in any activity should be carefully
monitored for overheating. Intense exercise during the hot hours of
the day can be especially dangerous. The CVMA encourages pet owners to take precautions during the
summer months to decrease the chances of disaster for companion
pets: *Never leave a pet unattended in a parked car, not even “for a
minute” or on mild days in spring and fall. Leave pets at home with
plenty of water in a non-tip dish. *Limit pet exercise to cooler hours in the morning or evening
since normal body temperature for dogs and cats is higher than for
humans. Be especially sensitive to pets who have heavy coats or are
older, very young, overweight, or ill as well as those with snub
noses who cannot pant efficiently. *Stay clear of areas that may have been sprayed with
insecticides or other chemicals. Ingesting just a small amount of
plant food, fertilizers, or insecticides can cause health problems
and might even be fatal for your pet. *Carefully consider taking pets to crowded summer events or
fairs. Loud noises and large groups, coupled with heat, can be
stressful and dangerous for pets. *Hot weather increases the risk of mosquito, flea, and tick
bites, which can be fatal in cats and dogs. Check with your
veterinarian for heartworm prevention medication and
recommendations for a flea and tick control program. If your pet shows signs of heatstroke, you must lower its body
temperature right away. Move the animal into the shade or an
air-conditioned area. Apply ice packs or cold towels to the head,
neck, and chest. Encourage your pet to drink small amounts of cool
water or lick ice cubes, then call your veterinarian
immediately. “Enjoying the warm weather requires pet owners to act
responsibly,” Dr. Weigand says. “By taking a few precautions,
summer with your companion pets can be both safe and
enjoyable.” The California Veterinary Medical Association is the largest
state veterinary medical association in the United States, with
more than 5,600 members. Founded in 1888, its mission is to serve
its membership and community through innovative leadership and to
improve animal and human health in an ethically and socially
responsible manner. |
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Many people don't realize that each year we lose
many pets to drownings, right in the backyard
pool. Now there is a product to ensure that your pet
remains safe in the pool area...........A small turtle-shaped
sensor attached to your dog's collar will sound the alarm from the
"base station" when your pet enters the water. Any number of
sensors work with one base station, so you can be sure all of your
pets are safe from drowning. For more information on the
Safety Turtle, call the manufacturers (Terrapin Communications) @
1-800-368-8121 |
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When the lazy days of barbecues and swimming
pools roll around, you can make them even better by sharing them
with your favorite pet. By following a few pet safety tips,
you can keep your animal friends healthy and enjoy the months of
sun and fun. Each summer we see emergencies such as heat
stroke, poisonings from household and yard products (disinfectants,
pesticides, insecticides, lawn & garden products, and
antifreeze), insect stings and snake bites, embedded foxtails in
ears & between toes, and water or auto related
accidents. Keep in mind that our pets rely on us for their
protection from the hot summer days and the hazards that go along
with our modern lifestyles. Make sure that your pet is current on all
vaccines, especially if trips to the park or beach, or walks in
your neighborhood are summertime treats. NEVER leave your pet in a
car, even if it is in the shade and you have the windows
down. *Never leave your pet in the
car. We can't say it often enough (every summer we see
it happen again and again). Though it may seem cool outside, the
sun can raise the temperature inside your car to 120 degrees
Fahrenheit in a matter of minutes, even with the
windows rolled down. If you need to run some errands, leave the
furry ones at home. *As you're outside enjoying the
warm weather, keep your pet leashed. It will keep her from getting lost, fighting other
animals, and eating and drinking things that could make her
sick. *Water, water
everywhere. Whether you're
indoors or out, both you and your pet need access to lots of fresh
water during the summer, so check her water bowl several times a
day to be sure it's full. If you and your furry friend venture
forth for the afternoon, bring plenty of water for both of
you. *Keeping your pet well
groomed will help her hair do what it was designed to
do: protect her from the sun and insulate her from the heat. If she
has extremely thick hair or a lot of mats and tangles, her fur may
trap too much heat, so you may want to clip her. *Watch out for
antifreeze. Hot weather may
tempt your pet to drink from puddles in the street, which can
contain antifreeze and other chemicals. Antifreeze has a sweet
taste that animals like, but it's extremely toxic.
When you're walking your pet, make sure she doesn't sneak a drink
from the street. *Rattlesnakes are abundant after
winter rains, so don't let your pets roam in areas
where snakes are likely to be seeking shade. *Mosquitos will also be in full
force, so remember to bring your dog in for a
heartworm test and to regularly administer the once-a-month
preventive medication. Protection from fleas, ticks and
mosquitos is essential to control heartworm and many types of
internal parasites that can cause havoc in your pets system, so
don't forget to stop by and pick up your summer months' protection
of Advantage or Frontline. *Grooming for both comfort and health
considerations during the warm days can help to
control skin disorders and to eliminate matts that catch foxtails
and burrs causing sores, hotspots and rashes. A thorough
check of your pets body (with particular attention to armpits,
ears, and between toes---anywhere that a foxtail can take hold and
burrow into the skin) after a walk in the park or a fun day at the
beach will allow you to find ticks, fleas, cuts, abrasions, or
parasites that can be dealt with before serious problems
arise. *Pad burns and
blisters: Dogs walking on hot pavement, hot sand
and tied up in the back of a hot truck can blister their pads from
the heat. This is very painful and can easily be avoided. Pad
blisters usually show up as painful feet on which, when closely
examined, can be seen a loose flap of the pad itself, or a
reddened, ulcerated area of the pad where the flap has already come
off. Applying a light coating of antibiotic ointment and covering
the foot with a sock or light bandage will help to soothe and heal
the burn. Your veterinarian should examine the burned paws and if
needed, trim the burned pad.
*Heat stroke: Heat stroke is a life-threatening
condition that occurs when the body temperature exceeds 107
degrees. Initial signs of heat stroke
are deep, rapid breathing/panting, a glazed expression and sluggish
mental status, an anxious look with cats, twitching muscles,
followed by loss of consciousness and possibly seizures
(convulsions). Complications arising from heat stroke, even
following treatment, can include kidney and brain damage and
widespread clotting of the blood inside the blood vessels (a deadly
condition called D.I.C.). Heatstroke can be fatal and is an
emergency situation. The first step to
correct an overheated pet is to run cool water over him. DO NOT
SUBMERSE IN WATER. You must get your pet to the office immediately,
calling ahead so we can plan for your arrival. If the dog is
conscious, give him cool water to drink--small amounts every few
minutes. Dogs at
increased risk are thick-coated dogs, naturally anxious or
"high-strung" dogs, short-nosed dogs, (bracheocephalic) or "noisy
panters." These dogs may overheat on a hot day even while resting
in the shade. Insufficient water to drink may also predispose a dog
to overheating. | | |
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What is that
smell?
I thought it was you! |
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Do you have skunks in your
neighborhood? You may want to keep a bottle of
Skunk-Off on your shelf for those late night surprises. We
carry this non-toxic, non-irritating spray that you can use to stop
skunk odor fast....... on your dog, cat, clothes, home and
car. Skunk-Off is scientifically formulated to completely
eliminate, not mask, the offensive
odor caused by the chemicals in skunk spray. It's easy to use
(just spray it on the affected area with the fine spray, work in
thoroughly, then let dry). No pre-treatment should be applied
before using Skunk-Off. We carry a complete array of odor treatment and
stain removal products to help you keep your home pet-odor
free. Come in and select from our wide range of
grooming products, healthy treats, mouth care brushes and
toothpaste products, flea protection, and for a special gift, you
can purchase some treats, along with a Governor Animal Clinic gift
certificate as a thoughtful surprise for a friend, neighbor,
co-worker or family member. |
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Pup-Sicles For a fun summer treat, pour 1 1/2 inches of
water or diluted beef or chicken broth in a paper cup and place in
freezer until the liquid is partially frozen, then carefully insert
a dog biscuit into the slush so that one end sticks out above the
ice. Freeze completely, pop out the pup-sicle, and watch your pal
enjoy a treat! |
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Flea Product Alert We would like you to be aware of the devastating
effects that can happen when grocery store/pet store products made
for dogs are instead used for flea control in cats (especially the
"spot" treatment products). We continue to see tragic toxic
reactions to these products at GAC and through the emergency
clinics. The reaction can be immediate and deadly.
NEVER use a flea control product on your cat if it is specifically
formulated for dogs, even in very small doses. Toxicity
symptoms in cats include tremors, muscle contractions, and
seizures. These symptoms can develop within hours or
might not appear for up to 48 hours. Our recommendation to you is this; before
any type of flea product is applied to your pet, please call our
office for advice. We carry a full line of flea control for
both cats & kittens and dogs & puppies, and all
are veterinarian approved. Advantage and Frontline (which
also protects against ticks) topical treatments are safe,
effective, convenient, and easy to apply. |
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